⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Should Gum Be Allowed In School
Civil Disobedience, Mandela, And Henry David Thoreau appreciate Should Gum Be Allowed In School helping Should Gum Be Allowed In School keep Should Gum Be Allowed In School information up to date. Gingival recession has direct Should Gum Be Allowed In School and predisposing factors. What are these sugar alcohols on products such as power bars. We've added it to our list above. Received Apr 4; Accepted Apr
Should Chewing Gum Be Banned? Behind the News
Thanks for any help you can give me. Your mouth's exposure to xylitol must meet a daily minimum level for it to be effective. If the stick of gum you mention is one dosing that helps you reach that level each day, then chewing before bed would be a good plan. If you just plan on chewing one stick of gum a day, you can't really expect to generate any anti-cavity effect from just that single low level of xylitol exposure.
Not brushing your teeth with the assumption that the xylitol will be enough to prevent cavities? Oh yes, I do always brush and floss them before bed. I wasn't clear. I just wondered if the Xylitol gum itself - after brushing my teeth - is safe? I didn't realize the gum actually generates an anti-cavity effect. So, if I understand you correctly, chewing the gum before bed is actually a good thing? Thank you. Xylitol is a naturally occuring compound , both found in many of the foods we eat and created by our own bodies. As a stand alone source of xylitol, the dosing level obtained from a once-daily single stick of gum at bed time would provide essentially no benefit.
If consuming that single stick of gum was just one of a person's several-times-a-day exposure to xylitol so all together the person receives the minimum amount of xylitol exposure needed each day for it to be effective , then that habit would be beneficial. I researched that "" Xylitol is manufactured in China Is "" gum the same in effectiveness? Should it be purchased in speciality stores? I read that "" is manufactured in Canada We'd have faith that the molecule xylitol is able to perform the same function in regard to tooth decay reduction no matter what its original source or method of manufacture.
We blanked out the brand names you mentioned since we personally could not vouch for the accuracy of the information stated. I recently purchased a bottle of the above. How do I use it to eliminate a very red and sore tongue. This website is about the use of xylitol for the prevention of tooth decay. For us to comment on other uses, or about other conditions, would be beyond the scope of this website. Why are xylitol products, especially gum, not more readily available and why is it so expensive in the United States? The Scandinavian countries have xylitol products of every stripe and flavor, and cost the same as regular gum. They are available at every corner shop, gas station, and supermarket.
What makes it so precious and rare here? Please be aware that xylitol is toxic for dogs. Even a few pieces of Trident gum taken out of someone's purse can cause life threatening toxicity. This occurs because xylitol may not be completely digested in the intestines until the digestive system adapts. Xylitol is extremely toxic to dogs. Even small amounts of xylitol can cause hypoglycemia low blood sugar , seizures, liver failure or even death in dogs.
Your precaution always bears repeating, especially for a family loved one. Here's our link to the FDA's warning on the subject. Crystal Campisi. I notice it is not on your list. How much xylitol is in each stick? Is there a mainstream brand easy to find don't have to order that would be the best source of xylitol? We looked at the ingredient list on the Trident product. It lists Sorbitol first and Xylitol third see how to read an ingredient lists lower on this page , suggesting that this is a low-quality product has comparatively low xylitol content.
That would explain why the company has not chosen to to make it clear on the packaging how much xylitol the gum actually contains. That's why we don't list it on this page and as you suggest, we feel there are much better choices. As far as finding those better brands: The Epic website has a store locator. We used it and, for example, found a local natural foods store that had it in stock in our area. We can say the same for the Branam website. Probably other brands have store locators too. With a little effort, we'd expect that you'd find some local options. Also don't overlook Spry gum at Walmart that can be shipped to your local store for free. Possibly other chain stores in your area offer that type of service.
I use Zellies and currently have a bottle with me and it is 1. So the information you have needs to be corrected. In this case however It states that each piece weighs 1. That is the number we report in our table above. That 1 gram number is also confirmed by text on the same company website page. We wouldn't have thought that something like that would cause confusion for a consumer. But for others, beware, and look for the actual xylitol content the gum contains, not its total weight. What is the recommended dose of xylitol per day??
Is there a limit? This is our page that discusses xylitol dosing. It and the pages it links to will answer your questions. Susan Burns. As a reply to your question, we were unable to confirm that the product you mention contains xylitol. We found at least one granular xylitol product that said it was sourced from birch trees. What we saw was available from multiple online sources, with one nationwide retailer even offering order online with free "ship to store. That way Google will put emphasis on that term. If you're interested in using xylitol to prevent cavities and do have an allergy to corn, it seems your persuit would be easiest if you would consider a granular approach rather than relying on commercially prepared products.
We also found one birch xylitol chewing gum search - "birch" xylitol gum. However, it wasn't so clear to us how much xylitol each piece contained, which left us wondering how good that product really is. No reason not to trust its labeling. That should be a good choice. We've added it to our list above. You should make people aware that xylitol is poisonous to dogs. Those individuals who have canines should be sure to store and dispose of gum in a place that their dogs cannot access. I noticed that Glee Gum has about 1 gram of xylitol from Birch trees per piece and looks good.
They are familiar with the 6 grams per day minimum serving and even recommend this. However, most of the flavors contain a small amount of citrus peel powder and some have added citric acid. Would these negate the dental benefits of the xylitol? The gum base also contains calcium carbonate which I understand is very common in gum bases. How would calcium carbonate affect the dental benefit? Only the company will be in a position to give you any sort of precise answer but remember the product is a chewing gum.
A big benefit of using sugar-free chewing gum of any sort is that using it promotes salivation. An act that tends to dilute and buffer oral acids. So, on a practical level, probably the inclusion of these compounds is in consequential. But also suggests that other compounds are more effective in raising calcium levels in saliva. One would have to assume it would provide an antacid effect in the mouth too. I don't agree with your assertion that chewing gum is a good dosing choice because it exposes you to xylitol over a longer period of time. I chew several of these tablets at once because they are so small, and even then the sweetness of the gum is gone literally within minutes if that! And all you are left with is the flavoring of the gum i. The best xylitol gum I've used is the Leaf brand years ago.
I beleive they were located in Finland, which I heard is the best source for birch xylitol. IIRC, their pieces of gum were much bigger than any of the ones you've shown and lasted much longer. They seemed to have went out-of-business, at least in america, which is how I found the gum on clearance at a dollar store. I believe they came back but were only selling candy bars. It would be interesting to see if they still manufacture and sell the gum in Finland, and if it could be shipped to the u. Excessively long submissions may be edited for brevity and clarity. Comments that don't relate to the content of the page they are posted on especially well will be moved to a more appropriate one after a few days. Skip to main content. Xylitol Prevents Cavities. How to prevent tooth decay using nature's table sugar substitute.
How it Works. Whenever bone loss is limited to a single tooth surface, usually the buccal one, bone defect is best known as dehiscence Figs 5 , 6. Over time, normal or inflamed gingival soft tissues tend to keep up with cervical bone levels; therefore, gingival recession is established. It is also known as chronic trauma, especially due to inappropriate daily brushing, and it physically wounds gingival tissues Figs 2 , 3 , 6. Traumatically using the tooth brush as well as other oral hygiene agents over delicate gingival margins on a daily basis might gradually and slowly lead to gingival recession over the years.
In general, those cases are presented in combination with cervical wear as a result of abrasion caused by the same agents. Tissue destruction resulting from periodontal disease encompasses gradual bone loss which might lead to apical gingival migration and root exposure. Those cases imply loss of gingival tissue support, as a result of enzymatic digestion and disorganization of the underlying connective tissue, in addition to bone resorption induced by inflammatory process affecting the alveolar bone crest Figs 2 , 6.
At first, tissue loss is apparently compensated by gingival increase resulting from inflammatory exudate and infiltrate accumulation - in other words, by edema, swelling or inflammatory tumefaction. After periodontal treatment and once the causes have been eliminated, the exudate will undergo resorption while inflammatory cells will undergo migration, with a decrease and retraction of gingival tissue volume. During the repair process, root will become exposed to the oral environment.
Whenever the aforementioned process occurs, the cervical root third becomes exposed which, esthetically, might be considered strange by the patient at the immediate postoperative phase, even though periodontal tissues are perfectly healthy at this point. Many periodontal treatment modalities imply considerable tissue loss due to extensive periodontal disease or the need for tissue surgical removal. After surgical procedures, such as curettage and surgeries, there is a decrease in periodontal tissue tumefaction, which is temporarily induced by inflammatory exudate accumulation. As repair evolves, there is a decrease in gingival volume and root exposure to the oral environment. Patients themselves are often concerned with treatment outcomes, since gingival inflammation provides gingival enlargement, in addition to covering the cervical region of teeth.
An interesting measure to be taken is early removal of the majority of agents causing periodontal disease, by means of conservative procedures and before surgical periodontal treatment. This will decrease gingival enlargement caused by inflammatory infiltrate and exudate accumulation, which allows the sites to be subjected to surgery to become better outlined. The patient will notice that root exposure did not result from treatment, but rather from getting rid of the problem. Initially, primary occlusal trauma might induce symptoms characterized by diffuse pain combined with a modest increase in tooth mobility, lasting for days, weeks or even months.
A few weeks later, an even enlargement of the periodontal space and thickening of lamina dura or alveolar cortical plate becomes radiographically noticeable. These radiographic findings occur as a result of the need for thicker and longer periodontal fibers, so as to give support for the increase in function - in other words, to assimilate the intense occlusal forces. As a result, periodontal ligament thickness increases. Meanwhile, periodontal fibers require an equally greater attachment, which leads to an increase of the alveolar cortical plate, so as to fulfill such a need. This process also applies to the cementum; however, its changes are not revealed by imaging examination.
Also due to the increase in functional demand, caused by excessive occlusal load, there is an intense and continuous stretch of periodontal fibers, especially those attached to the most cervical region of the alveolar bone crest. This overload might cause occasional collagenous fiber structures to break, in addition to over stressing periodontal ligament cells and, as a result, significantly increasing the cervical local levels of chemical mediators released by those cells, especially mediators associated with bone resorption, thereby promoting bone loss, whether vertical or angled, on the periodontal surface of the alveolar bone crest.
In those cases, vertical bone loss is radiographically noticeable, with the formation of a "V" typical of occlusal trauma, resulting from resorbed bone plane as well as from the root wall. Periapical radiographs can be used for diagnosis, despite interproximal ones being more reliable. No matter how severe vertical bone loss is in this area, periodontal probing will not reveal periodontal pockets. Should occlusal trauma be solved at this stage, periodontal bone neoformation will take place and normality will be restored. All the aforementioned events result from excessive occlusal load within a dental plaque-free environment. For this reason, this set of changes is known as "primary occlusal trauma.
On free surfaces, such as the buccal one, depending on cortical plate or buccal bone plate thickness Figs 1 , 5 , 7 , 8 , vertical bone loss results in local loss at the buccal bone level. This leads to bone dehiscence over the affected root - a V-shaped cavity in the bone contour Fig 5 -, thereby locally causing gingival bone support to decrease. For a certain period of time, the periosteum might still cover the area affected by dehiscence; thus, favoring bone neoformation if the cause has already been eliminated.
Gingival contour will keep up with buccal bone contour, which results in V-shaped or angled gingival recession in teeth affected by occlusal trauma and bone dehiscence Fig 4. It should be once again highlighted that this process is not associated with local dental plaque buildup and consequent chronic inflammatory periodontal disease. Clinically, occlusal or incisal wear, as well as the presence of V-shaped recession, is noticeable. A third sign can be added: abfraction, with cervical enamel cracks or enamel linear loss. In addition, increased sensitivity might also be present due to a number of oral factors, such as eating, liquid intake, breathing, temperature, among others.
Due to being a subclinical condition, occlusal trauma might silently evolve to more severe consequences, including root resorption, over time. Unfortunately, not all professionals are able to make an accurate diagnosis of abfraction and V-shaped gingival recession as clinical manifestations of occlusal trauma. The same applies to imaging changes resulting from those conditions over time. Once occlusion has been corrected, it is possible to repair the damage by means of: restoration of surfaces with wear facets; restorative correction of abfraction, or, should V-shaped gingival recession be too severe, gingival graft might be used.
Nevertheless, sometimes gingival recession recedes without surgery after occlusal trauma has been eliminated Figs 9 , 10 , Chronic occlusal trauma treatment might be carried out by tooth repositioning through orthodontic treatment Fig Inappropriate tooth brushing and dental plaque buildup might lead to early gingival recession Figs 2 , 3 , 6. Delicate alveolar cortical plates are not revealed by CT scans nor reproduced by 3D reconstruction Figs 6 , 9.
Reduced buccal bone crest thickness might be associated with areas where buccal bone plate is absent - which characterizes dehiscence, when a depression is located apically to the alveolar bone cervical contour; or fenestration, when there is a bone window on the buccal surface. With dehiscence and fenestration, the chances of gingival recession occurring are much higher. Those bone crest morphological defects are predisposing factors of gingival recession and are more frequently found in teeth malpositioned in the dental arch, especially uprighted teeth, as it is the case of canines subjected to orthodontic traction and which had erupted more uprightedly. Moving labial and lingual frenula as well as cicatricial adhesions might predispose the region to gingival retraction, especially in the areas subjected to inadequate brushing associated with chronic periodontal disease.
Induced tooth movement does not cause any damage to gingival tissues; however, during orthodontic treatment, the following might occur in a few patients: retraction on the buccal surface of incisors and canines, or even in posterior teeth when in combination with lateral movement. Nevertheless, in those cases, before gingival retraction occurs, orthodontic movement had induced dehiscence at the bone crest, as a result of moving a tooth towards an area with extremely thin bone Fig 8.
Induced tooth movement should be carried out only at the alveolar bone trabeculae space; however, during certain types of movement, teeth are also displaced at the expenses of the outer cortical plate. Should that be the case, dehiscence and fenestration are established. The latter are defects found in the outer cortical plate and act as "predisposing factors" of gingival retraction. The ideal would be that teeth remain duly "enveloped" by bone tissue in all of their surfaces.
Movement should be carefully planned and include more than only one tooth. It should also consider a homogeneous load distribution which favors the compensating bone neoformation mechanism on the corresponding outer periosteal surface. However, this is not always taken into account during treatment planning. Orthodontic tooth movement should not be considered as the primary cause of gingival retraction. A potential means to avoid dehiscence and recession during orthodontic treatment is to apply light, well-balanced forces to sets of teeth rather than to a single tooth.
Local periosteum receives stimuli from deformed mediators, so as to have new overlying layers laid, thereby covering and causing the buccal cortical plate to become thicker as the teeth are buccally displaced, which compensates for frontal resorption at the periodontal wall of the alveolar cortical plate Fig 8. Orthodontic movement not only affects periodontal tissue volume and shape, but deflection also deforms the alveolar bone process network of osteocytes, which controls bone shape and volume according to functional demand. Buccal bone deflection as a whole provides periosteal stimuli, so as to have new buccal cortical plate layers laid.
Whenever movement of individual teeth is rendered necessary, light forces should be applied and body movement carried out, so as to allow the same compensating periosteal mechanism to act. In other words, whatever undergoes resorption at the periodontal surface of the alveolar bone ends up being laid at the corresponding outer buccal surface. Gingival recession might be present in some teeth separately; however, whenever it is generally present, it often affects a whole segment in the dental arch, thus horizontally retracting periodontal tissue attachment, including gingival papillae. As for shape and distribution, they might as well be:.
In cases of severe apical migration, V-shaped recession is known as " Stillman's cleft. U-shaped gingival recession associated with inadequate traumatic brushing is surrounded by healthy gingiva and is usually associated with abrasion, with a smooth, polished surface. There are cases of U-shaped retraction in which the area of root exposure is surrounded by a peripheral festoon made up of swollen, inflamed gingival tissue resulting from local dental plaque buildup. A few classical studies found in Periodontology literature refer to the aforementioned condition as " McCall's festoon.
In its generalized or horizontal form, gingival retraction is associated with chronic inflammatory destructive periodontal disease. Loss of periodontal support in proximal areas results in compensatory remodeling on the buccal and lingual surfaces, leading to apical displacement of marginal gingiva, including interdental papillae. The periosteum is firmly inserted into the surface of cortical bone through Sharpey's fibers that, in turn, are inserted into bone matrix, predominantly made up of collagen Figs 1 , 8.
The periosteum connective tissue 16 is divided into two different contiguous layers:. However, it is predominantly fibrous and aims at providing protection to the surface. This layer originates collagen fibers responsible for periosteum insertion into the subjacent cortical bone. This intermediate zone formed by numerous capillaries could represent a third layer that differs in terms of thickness from the periosteum. From the periosteum all blood nutrition of bone structure is established.
The surgical flap of the periosteum is inevitably a traumatic procedure that implies in loss of biological feasibility of the cortical bone surface layer. The osteocytes of the surface layer die and the bone matrix layer that hosted them undergoes resorption - with or without compensatory bone neoformation, depending on local conditions. The most important indicator of bone vitality and feasibility is the presence of osteocytes within bone lacunae or osteoplasts. Without them, the bone is likely to undergo resorption and to be repositioned posteriorly.
When periodontal surgery is performed on free cortical surfaces with thin alveolar bone cortical bone, the split thickness flap technique causes the periosteum to adhere to the cortical bone, thus avoiding surface resorption and, as a consequence, preventing post-surgical bone dehiscence and fenestration. In many cases, the buccal surface of incisors and canines, especially the mandibular ones, is so thin that one has the clear impression of mineralized bone being non existing at palpation. The periosteum might be, and usually is, present; with a delicate, thin, underlying bone plate which is little mineralized, thus characterizing a cortical plate that plays the role of the outer bone plate. In a few studies, the buccal alveolar cortical plate is unperceivable by CT scans, leading the examiner to believe that the examined region has no supporting periodontal structure.
Similarly, in 3D tomographic reconstruction of the anterior region, one might have the wrong impression that incisors are lacking structure and buccal bone organization. In the majority of 3D reconstruction cases, an irregular granulated surface is found in incisors roots, thus suggesting root surface irregularity. It is likely that such an imaging irregularity suggests the presence of periosteum and the thin, delicate buccal bone plate. In other words, it is difficult to determine the limits of bone dehiscence and fenestration precisely when the bone plate presents with a thin, delicate structure.
Likewise, it is also difficult to establish the limits of cervical bone precisely. In many procedures performed on maxillary bones with a view to isolating the mineralized portion and teeth from soft tissues, when the periosteum adhered to the alveolar process is removed, the thin layer of mineralized tissue, which is strongly associated with and placed between the periosteum and the periodontal ligament of the area, is also removed. Future analyses will give the impression that many dehiscences and fenestrations are present; however, this is not true, since they originated from the preparation of anatomical pieces. Once buccal periodontal fragility has been identified and confirmed by means of imaging examination, in which it might be invisible due to structural fragility, tooth movement plan can be prepared, so as to position the root structure towards the center of the bone.
Periodontal tissue structure and organization will remain normal, but more resistant to mechanical action resulting from inadequate brushing, dental plaque buildup and occasional occlusal interference, whether resulting from bruxism and clenching or not. Alveolar cortical bones and areas of tendon insertion are the only areas in the human skeleton lacking periosteum. In alveolar cortical bones, the periodontal ligament accounts for and plays the role of the periosteum.
In the alveolar bone crest, the periodontal ligament as well as the periosteum are continuous, without structural interruption Figs 1 , 8. When root exposure has already been present for a few weeks due to recession, root cementum will have been eliminated and periosteum will have been withdrawn apically with the bone plate. The root surface exposed to the oral environment is now full of bacterial lipopolysaccharides LPS which, thanks to high toxicity levels, do not allow further recolonization by cementoblasts and reinsertion of periodontal fibers. Even if this tooth is orthodontically moved to a more lingual position, gingival and periosteal cervical levels cannot be restored.
Is there any xylitol gum sourced from birch? Green Tree Dental provides a number of Advantages Of The North In The Civil War care facilities that can help you maintain your teeth. However, this is Should Gum Be Allowed In School always taken into account during treatment Should Gum Be Allowed In School. File Library.